Fleshing is a vital step in leather processing that focuses on refining the hide by removing unwanted tissue from the flesh side. This ensures a cleaner, smoother surface for effective chemical penetration in the subsequent stages.

Once the hides have been properly soaked and rehydrated, they move on to the fleshing stage. In this process, specialized fleshing machines are used to mechanically strip away subcutaneous fat, connective tissue, and any remaining flesh residues from the inner side of the hide. These tissues are not useful in the tanning process and, if left intact, can hinder chemical absorption, cause uneven tanning, and result in lower-quality leather. The fleshing operation plays a crucial role in preparing the hide for efficient chemical treatment and enhances the uniformity of the final product.

This step is carried out using precision equipment that operates with rollers and rotating blades to gently yet effectively remove excess matter without damaging the hide’s structure. Proper fleshing also reduces the risk of bacterial growth by eliminating organic materials that could decompose over time. Additionally, by ensuring the flesh side is smooth and free of irregularities, the hide becomes more manageable for splitting, liming, and tanning, contributing to better thickness control and surface finish in the end product.

Fleshing is adjusted based on the type of hide and its condition. Thicker hides, such as those from cows and buffaloes, may require deeper fleshing compared to the finer and more delicate goat or sheep skins. The precision of this step is essential—not only to remove the right amount of tissue but also to preserve the hide's full grain and natural fiber strength. An accurately fleshed hide sets the foundation for producing high-quality leather with improved durability, appearance, and finish.

Key highlights of the fleshing process include:

• Mechanical removal of excess fat, tissue, and flesh
• Preparation of a clean, smooth surface for chemical treatment
• Enhanced penetration and uniformity during tanning
• Reduced risk of decomposition and bacterial activity
• Custom adjustments based on hide thickness and type