Buffing is a crucial finishing step in leather processing where a fine layer of the hide’s surface is removed using an abrasive cylinder. This procedure not only refines the leather's appearance but also helps produce unique textures such as Nubuck and Suede.

The buffing process begins once the leather has gone through tanning and preliminary finishing steps. At this stage, the hides are inserted into a machine equipped with rotating abrasive wheels or belts, which gently sand the surface of the leather. This abrasion smooths out imperfections such as scars, wrinkles, or surface irregularities. For some types of leather, especially full-grain, a light buffing is performed to preserve the natural look while refining the texture. For split leather, buffing helps prepare the surface for coating, embossing, or dyeing.

Buffing is not just about correcting defects—it is also a creative process that defines the final texture of the leather. For instance, to create Nubuck, the grain side (outer surface) of the hide is lightly buffed to produce a soft, velvet-like feel. This results in a rich, matte appearance and a luxurious hand feel. In Suede, the inner side of the split leather is buffed more intensively, raising fine fibers that give the material its signature fuzzy texture. Both types are popular in premium leather goods such as jackets, shoes, handbags, and upholstery.

This process also enhances the leather’s readiness for additional treatments. A properly buffed surface absorbs dyes and finishes more evenly and allows for better adhesion of protective coatings. It prepares the leather for the final finishing stages while ensuring an attractive and consistent texture throughout the entire piece.

Key highlights of the buffing process include:

• Abrasion of the leather surface using rotating abrasive cylinders
• Correction of natural surface flaws, blemishes, and grain irregularities
• Creation of signature textures like Nubuck and Suede
• Enhanced dye absorption and surface preparation for finishing
• Improves both aesthetic quality and functionality of finished leather